Endomysium antibodies (EMA), IgA and IgG (END)
Material: | 1 ml serum | Reference range | negative (< 1:10 titer) |
Indication |
Risk groups: Insulin-dependent diabetics, patients with Sjögren-syndrome, IgA-deficiency, microsomia, osteoporosis, unclear transaminase increase, unclear iron deficiency |
Please note | Antibodies against endomysium, especially IgA-antibodies, are known as specific and sensitive markers of gluten-sensitive enteropathies. The tissue-specific transglutaminase (tTG) (see there) is an important target antigen of the endomysium antibodies. As serological primary diagnostics the tTG-IgA evaluation is recommended in accordance with the ESPGHAN-criteria (2011) including evaluation of total IgA in serum. In case of Celiac’s/sprue there is an above average incidence of > 2 % of selective IgA-deficiency. Accordingly, in this case, tTG- or endomysium-IgA-antibody evaluations are meaningless and tTG-IgG- and endomysium-IgG-evaluations are indicated. Borderline tTG-IgA/IgG-evaluations should be verified by analysis of the corresponding endomysium-antibodies. To secure diagnosis, an endoscopy and possibly biopsy, depending on clinical presentation, may be required.
CAUTION: Antibody-tests in Celiac’s disease are only meaningful when under a gluten-rich diet, as titers turn negative after some time in case of gluten deprivation.
Please also refer to sections “Celiac’s disease/Sprue” (indications directory) |
Please also refer to: | Transglutaminase, tissue specific, autoantibodies to |
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