Insulin-autoantibodies
(IAA)
Material: | 1 ml serum |
Methods: | Ligandenassays → Radioimmunoassay (RIA) | Reference range | < 0,4 U/ml |
Indication | Early diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Testing of first-grade relatives of type 1 diabetics, differentiation of the individual forms of diabetes. |
Please note | We recommend the evaluation of at least 3 of the 4 well-established markers (Islet-cell-, GAD-, IA2- and zinc transporter 8-autoantibodies) if there is suspicion of type 1 diabetes as well as for first-grade relatives of type 1 diabetics. The evaluation of insulin-autoantibodies (not to be confused with islet-cell autoantibodies) is very much age-dependent. In children, they can be seen in 90 % of the first manifestations of type 1 diabetes, in adults however in only 20 % of cases. Missing autoantibodies however do not rule out type 1 diabetes mellitus nor “late autoimmune diabetes of the adult (LADA)”. In approximately 30 % of these patients, zinc transporter 8-autoantibodies can be found. One speaks of “idiopathic type 1 diabetes mellitus, when there is a permanent, severe insulin deficiency but no autoantibodies nor an association to certain HLADR/DQA- or as HLADR/DQB-alleles are detected. This is very rare however and predominantly occurs in Asians and Africans. Previously, even in patients with type 2 diabetes, autoantibody development to insulin was generally seen when using animal-insulin (such as pig-insulin). With the modern human-insulin it is also possible in few cases, however very rare when using analogue-insulins. |
Accredited | ja |
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