Analysis index

Detection of toxin is possible from serum, vomit, stomach contents, stool, suspicious foods, material from wounds. Transport as quickly as possible in a cooling box. Prior registration by telephone is required (external service). 

Pathogen cultivation from stool (infant botulism) or wound material (wound botulism) or suspicious foods (forensic evaluation).

Suspicion of food poisoning with botulinum toxin. Botulinum toxin A is the strongest bacterial toxin; initial symptoms are nausea, vomiting and vertigo, followed by paralysis and double vision, sensitivity to light, swallowing difficulties and dry mouth.

Suspicion of disease, disease and death have to be reported by the treating physician in accordance with §6 IfSG (Infection protection act) to the responsible health department. In accordance with §7 IfSG, the laboratory has to inform the health authorities of the pathogen and the toxin, together with the patient’s name.

Incubation time is 4 – 18 hours (max. 8 days) after ingestion of toxin-contaminated food (tins, vacuum packed and smoked foods). After hours to days, paralysis with double vision, difficulties swallowing and speaking.

Infant botulism has first been described in 1976. Ingestion of spores with food (such as honey), growth and toxin-production in the intestines.

Wound botulism: Local infection with local toxin-release, for example through dirty cannulas in case of i.v. drug abuse.

Early therapy commencement with a polyvalent antiserum (antitoxin) is essential!