Allergy diagnostics
Material: | 2 ml serum We are happy to provide you with our request forms for our allergy test spectrum on request. |
Methods: | Ligandenassays → Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) | Reference range | See findings report |
Indication | Clarification of allergic symptoms, test for sensitization |
Please note | IgE, total allergen-specific IgE (EAST = RAST) (Type I reaction), Allergen-specific IgG (Precipitin) (Type III reaction). Nowadays the term “allergy” means an illness, where the body reacts to repeated contact with a foreign, usually harmless substance with an excessive immune reaction. There are four allergic reaction types, which may also occur as a combination:
In type I allergy, the determination of total IgE and especially evaluation of allergen-specific IgE (EAST = RAST), due to the higher specificity, is important for the securing of the different in vivo tests. A detailed anamnesis is the basis of well-aimed diagnostics. In patients, who receive antihistamine treatment or steroid therapy, evaluation is contraindicated. CAUTION: A monospecific allergy may still be existent, despite normal total IgE. In diagnostic use, testing of group allergens should take priority over individual allergens. Evaluation of class IgG4 blocking antibodies can be used for determining the success of hyposensitization therapy in special cases, however, the significance is controversial. Evidence of precipitating IgG antibodies correlates with allergic type III illnesses. A selection of the special antigen should be made based on a corresponding medical history. For type II and type IV allergies, there are only excessive and hardly reproducible tests available, such as lymphocyte stimulation test and histamine release test. Step diagnostics: An inhalation mixture (SX1) and food mix (FX5) captures over 90 % of all sensitized persons suffering from allergies. By determining the total IgE, an atopy is less likely using the mix allergens SX1 and FX5, in case of negative screening. Increased IgE levels indicate sensitization by other allergens, parasite infections or immunological diseases. Allergy diagnostics in children: Recent studies have shown that sensitization to chicken egg protein is a good indicator for allergy tendency in children. It was established, that over 40 % of children, who show IgE antibodies to chicken egg protein in their first year of life, are sensitive to house dust mites by the age of three. 40 % of those children develop asthma by the age of five. Useful allergen tests: In children, the following foods should be tested during screening for food allergens: Cow’s milk, chicken egg, soy, wheat, peanut, fish. Screening for inhalation allergens should cover the following tests: One representative of grass pollen (such as timothy or rye), a representative of tree pollen (such as birch), a representative of herb pollen (such as mugwort), a representative of house dust mites (such as dermatophagoides pteronyssinus), cat, dog, horse, cladosporium herbarum, alternaria alternate. More than 90 % of clinical relevant allergens are captured by these allergen panels. More and more recombinant allergens are developed. By this, marker allergens were discovered, which are helpful to the understanding of cross allergies and to estimate, how and if a specific immunotherapy (SIT), should be carried out. Examples for the main allergen of birch is Bet v 1, which is also found in food such as apples, carrots and hazelnuts. In the diagnostics of peanut allergy, testing for rAra h 2, a storage protein, may be important. rAra h 2 positive patients carry a high risk of systemic and serious reactions. In peach allergies, those, who react to Pru p 3, are in danger of developing severe reactions. On suspicion of peanut allergy, rAra h 2 and F13 can be used, or, on suspicion of fruit allergy (peaches) rPru p 1 and rPru p 3 can be used. Pollen, mite and latex allergies often show associations to food allergies. |
Accredited | ja |
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