HIV (Human immune deficiency virus)
(HIV-antibodies, HIV-1-/HIV-2 screening test, HIV-1-/HIV-2 immunoblot)
Material: | 1 ml serum |
Methods: |
Ligandenassays → Immunoblot Ligandenassays → Chemilumineszenz Mikropartikel Immunoassay (CMIA) | Criteria for evaluation | negative |
Indication | Screening test: Immunoblot: |
Comment | Here, we use an HIV test of the fourth generation (HIV combination test), which covers both HIV-antibodies as well as the HIV-p24-antigen. By this, the diagnostic window (timeframe between point of infection and antibody-demonstration or p24-antigen demonstration) was reduced to an average of 20 days. The professional associations however recommend to do a repeat test after 6 weeks to capture the so-called late converters. | Mandatory reporting | ja |
Please note | HIV viruses belong to the group of retro viruses. As non-specific positive reaction deficits can occur in the HIV screening test (EIA), the result must be verified by a second independent test method (PCR or immunoblot). If this confirms the result, a second blood test should be done to rule out a mix-up of samples. Stadium classification of the disease is as per CDC-definition (repeatedly revised). For the evaluation of progression a variety of markers are used: Lymphocytic subpopulations: B-cells, T-cells with subpopulations (CD4+ helper- and CD8+-suppressor cells), activated T-cells, NK-cells. During therapy, there may be metabolic changes: fat metabolism, insulin resistance and others. |
Accredited | ja |
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