Indications directory

Basic evaluations:

Blood: Full blood count, ESR or CRP, sodium, potassium, chlorine, calcium, GOT, GPT, AP, gamma-GT, LDH, bilirubin, creatinine, urea, glucose, amylase, lipase, pancreas-elastase, PTT, INR, haptoglobin

Urine: Urine status- and sedimentation

Stool: Occult blood, elastase

Examinations according to clinical suspicion:

Upper gastric pains

Often “functional problems”, organic causes in decreased frequency. Gallstones, bile duct anomalies, hiatus hernia, duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, gastric carcinoma, pancreas diseases, also posterior myocardial infarction, basal pneumonia, pleurisy, Bornholm disease, intestinal parasites (lamblia), spherocytic anemia with splenomegaly, lactose-intolerance, infections, such as CMV, VZV, malaria, tuberculosis, lues, HIV (consent required), and others

Lower gastric pains
Appendicitis, Crohn’s disease, diverticular illnesses, colon-carcinoma, gynecological problems (adnexitis, ovarial cyst with twisting of pedicle, extra-uterine pregnancy), enteritis (Yersinia, campylobacter and others), intestinal parasites, porphyria (porphobilinogen and total porphorine in spontaneous urine), infections (pseudomembranous colitis, also see above), hemolysis, C1-esterase-inhibitor-deficiency, familial Mediterranean fever, lead intoxication, occlusive arterial disease, vasculitis, anti-phospholipid syndrome, systemic mastocytosis